The teaching unit is optional
The teaching unit is taught in

3 ECTS

Coord. Martin Poncelet (martin.poncelet@ens-paris-saclay.fr, ENS Paris-Saclay)

Pedagogic team :

Carole CHARBUILLET, Ensam Chambery
Carole.CHARBUILLET@ensam.eu

Imade KOUTIRI,Ensam Paris
Imade.KOUTIRI@ensam.eu

Bertrand LARATTE , Ensam Bordeaux
Bertrand.LARATTE@ensam.eu

Cyrille SOLLOGOUB, Ensam Paris
Cyrille.SOLLOGOUB@ensam.eu

Martin PONCELET, ENS Paris-Saclay
martin.poncelet@ens-paris-saclay.fr

Anne-Francoise Gourgue, Mine-ParisTech
anne-francoise.gourgues@mines-paristech.fr

Mateusz BOGDAN
mateusz.bogdan@arep.fr

Keywords :

Resource limitation, environmental impact, recycling, sustainability, optimization, additive manufacturing.

This course focuses on the environmental impact of the use of materials, and ways to reduce it.

The course begins by addressing the issue of constraints in the choice of materials. Beyond the simple economic cost, there are the restriction of resources (geological limitations, politics), legal frameworks (national, international) and the setting up of recycling channels (both constraint and partial solution of the limitation problem). More generally than the environmental impact of a material, the question of estimating the impact of an entire product (thus including its materials, but also its manufacturing processes and, in general, its entire life cycle) arises. What methods exist to quantify this impact?

A description of the technical, ecological and geostrategic issues, as well as recycling and reuse solutions for two main families of materials is then proposed. These are, on the one hand, the family of metals, from heavy production (steel, aluminium) to precious metals and rare earths, and, on the other hand, the family of polymers, natural, derived from hydrocarbons or biosourced.

Finally, the current avenues aimed at reducing the use of materials will be presented: functionalization (a material fulfils several functions), topological optimization (less material used for the same performance), additive manufacturing techniques (allowing a reduction in the quantity of material used during production). A critical look at the entire additive manufacturing process will be proposed, including the development of consumables and the post-treatment of parts.